1. Crisply articulate short- and long-term strategic objectives for the owner and stakeholders. The process spans beyond the business owner to include stakeholders such as partners, key employees, investors, customers and—often the most important stakeholders—the spouse and family. Many facilitation techniques can be good here. Dig deep, and build a strong foundation for planning by understanding objectives.

2. Identify the planning traps—wherever they are. The traps often fall between the capital modules, such as insurance capital redeployed from succession planning to estate planning. Use a diagnostic process to explore dozens of bottom-up issues that are critical to top-down business-owner wealth strategies. Conduct this planning gap review diligently and periodically.

These traps are especially intense for families who are business-rich and cash-poor because every loss can worsen their situation.

3. Explore alternative capital strategy designs to achieve objectives. We often use the term "straw man" to refer to one of several possible design strategies. Attempt to have a single capital investment achieve several objectives at the same time, thereby creating capital leverage. Human capital is a great example. Human capital strategies from ESOPs and simulated equity to deferred bonus plans can have a dramatic effect on the capital efficiency of the overall capital and succession plan. Sometimes these human capital strategies can attract and retain employees, while at the same time serving as shock-absorber capital for the business and as retirement capital for the owner. Take time on these straw-man designs and link them closely to the business economics and personal objectives.

4. Take charge in assembling your team of advisors, and find a true planning quarterback. Many of the capital engine issues fall into an enterprise/personal white space not adequately covered by traditional advisors such as CPAs, attorneys or stockbrokers. Furthermore, often there is no single advisor responsible for taking a bird’s-eye view of the family’s long-term objectives and the related coordination of the plan. Increasingly, business owners can find business-owner wealth strategists who can quarterback the team. Seek them out and take control.

5. Stress test the design. It is important to often consider possible extreme outcomes to stress test a plan. For example, how does the plan work if the business continues to be a cash cow with only moderate company valuation? What if the company requires cash infusion to evolve to be a growth story with the prospect of a higher valuation? What safety nets are in place if the business performance begins to weaken? How effective is the "share the upside with succession talent" strategy if the company can evolve to a rocket with high cash flow and higher business value? This process can be very effective in clarifying the expected payoff from certain strategies. Specifically, the process separates out robust strategies (positive or neutral outcomes across the scenarios) from contingent strategies (with positive or possibly negative outcomes across the scenarios.)

Here’s a hypothetical case study that puts it all together. Doug Smyth, 58, owns 100 percent of Smyth Architectural Services, an organization with $38 million in sales that is valued at $15 million. Smyth has significant cash buildup in the company, and, to an outsider, he appears completely successful. However, he cannot figure out how his limited capital can serve multiple masters. His capital needs appear to be overwhelming and include golden-handcuff capital to lock up his nonfamily heir apparent, shock-absorber business capital to withstand the next business down cycle, personal endowment retirement capital and preservation capital for family business succession and related estate and charitable needs. Smyth is tied up in knots.

Enter the integrated team. They focus on multigenerational planning, investments, insurance and employee benefits, as well as provide access to an outside CFO-for-hire to coordinate financial systems and his business portfolio. As appropriate, capital is positioned to serve double or even triple duty via techniques such as a partial business sale to an IDIT, deferred bonus plans tied to enterprise value and holistic investment plans spanning personal and business risk. A single unified plan is stress tested based on extreme business scenarios. Smyth is fully engaged and chooses to implement only those strategies that are robust, that is, strategies that result in positive or, at worst, neutral outcomes across the plan scenarios. He chooses to delay implementation of contingent strategies. The plan helps provide clarity of definition, purpose and action consistent with Smyth’s priorities.

When completed, a well-constructed capital plan for the family business will address the personal needs of an owner, the enterprise needs of a CEO and the planning gaps in between. The prize from integrated planning: empowerment replaces the silent emptiness. That is a big win.

Mark Bronfman is a private wealth advisor with Sagemark Consulting, a division of Lincoln Financial Advisors.